NanoRobotics is the technology of creating machines or robots close to the microscopic scale of a nanometer (10−9 meters). Nanorobotics refers to nanotechnology – an engineering discipline for designing and building nanorobots. These devices range from 0.1-10 micrometers and are made up of nanoscale or molecular components. As no artificial, non-biological Nanorobots have yet been created, they remain a pretending concept. The names nanorobots, nanorods, nanites or nanomites have also been used to describe these hypothetical devices.
Nanorobots can be used in different application areas such as medicine and space technology. Nowadays, these nanorobots play a crucial role in the field of Bio-Medicine, particularly for the treatment of cancer, cerebral Aneurysm, removal of kidney stones, elimination of defected parts in the DNA structure, and for some other treatments that need utmost support to save human lives.
Surgical nanorobots are introduced into the human body through vascular systems and other cavities. Surgical nanorobots act as semi-autonomous on-site surgeon inside the human body and are programmed or directed by a human surgeon. This programmed surgical nanorobot performs various functions like searching for pathogens, and the diagnosis and correction of lesions by nano-manipulation synchronized by an onboard computer while conserving and contacting with the supervisory surgeon through coded ultrasound signals. Nowadays, the earlier forms of cellular nano-surgery are being explored. For example, a micropipette rapidly vibrating at a frequency of 100 Hz micropipette comparatively less than 1-micron tip diameter is used to cut dendrites from single neurons. This process is not ought to damage the cell capability.
Medical nanorobots are used for the purpose of diagnosis, testing and monitoring of microorganisms, tissues and cells in the bloodstream. These nanorobots are capable of noting down the record and report some vital signs such as temperature, pressure and immune system’s parameters of different parts of the human body continuously.
Nanorobots are also applicable in treating genetic diseases, by relating the molecular structures of DNA and proteins in the cell. The modifications and irregularities in the DNA and protein sequences are then corrected (edited). The chromosomal replacement therapy is very efficient compared to the cell repair. An assembled repair vessel is inbuilt in the human body to perform the maintenance of genetics by floating inside the nucleus of a cell. Supercoil of DNA when enlarged within its lower pair of robotic arms, the nanomachine pulls the strand which is unwounded for analysis; meanwhile, the upper arms detach the proteins from the chain. The information which is stored in the large nanocomputer’s database is placed outside the nucleus and compared with the molecular structures of both DNA and proteins that are connected through a communication link to a cell repair ship. Abnormalities found in the structures are corrected, and the proteins reattached to the Deoxy Nucleic Acid chain once again reforms into their original form.
The current stages of medical technologies and therapy tools are used for the successful treatment of cancer. The important aspect to achieve a successful treatment is based on the improvement of efficient drug delivery to decrease the side-effects from the chemotherapy.Nanorobots with embedded chemical biosensors are used for detecting the tumor cells in early stages of cancer development inside a patient’s body. Nanosensors are also utilized to find the intensity of E-cadherin signals.
5. Nanodentistry is one of the topmost applications as nanorobots help in different processes involved in dentistry.These nanorobots are helpful in desensitizing tooth, oral anesthesia, straightening of irregular set of teeth and improvement of the teeth durability, major tooth repairs and improvement of appearance of teeth, etc.
To know More about Nanorobotics grab the chance and attend the forthcoming Conference : 5th International Conference on Advanced Material Research and Nanotechnology.
Dates of the Conference : May 22-23, 2019
Venue : Rome, Italy
For more Details : Advanced Materials 2019
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